Analgesia

      • Is best accomplished by cooling and covering initially
      • Intravenous opiate / opioid, titrated to effect in adults with anti-emetic.
      • Intranasal diamorphine is an option to be considered/adopted in children
      • Entonox should only be used when above options unavailable (difficult to administer, varying efficacy and     decreased oxygen delivery)

References

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    • 35. Coats TJ, Edwards C, Newton R, Staun E. The effect of gel burns dressings on skin temperature. Emerg.Med J 2002;19:224-5.
    • 48. Kendall JM, Reeves BC, Latter VS. Multicentre randomised controlled trial of nasal diamorphine for analgesia in children and teenagers with clinical fractures. BMJ 2001;322:261-5.
    • 49. Chambers JA,.Guly HR. Prehospital intravenous nalbuphine administered by paramedics. Resuscitation 1994;27:153-8.
    • 50. Phillips GD. First aid in disasters. Med J Aust. 1980;2:420-4.
    • 51. Wilson JA, Kendall JM, Cornelius P. Intranasal diamorphine for paediatric analgesia: assessment of safety and efficacy. J Accid.Emerg.Med 1997;14:70-2.